MARKAZLASHMAGAN KRIPTO-BIRJALAR (DEX) ORQALI PUL YUVISHGA QARSHI KURASHISH: XALQARO YONDASHUVLAR VA MILLIY HUQUQIY MEXANIZMLARNI RIVOJLANTIRISH
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markazlashmagan birja (DEX), pul yuvish, FATF, kripto-aktivlar, AML/CTF, xalqaro huquq, blokcheyn, DeFi, smart kontrakt##article.abstract##
Ushbu maqolada markazlashmagan kripto-birjalar (DEX) orqali pul yuvish jinoyatlariga qarshi kurashishning xalqaro huquqiy jihatlari tahlil etilgan. Tadqiqot predmeti DEX platformalarining tarkibiy xususiyatlari – vositachisiz (markazlashmagan) boshqaruv arxitekturasi, avtomatlashtirilgan bozor yaratuvchi (AMM) mexanizmi, foydalanuvchi identifikatsiyasining yo‘qligi va transhududiylik – hamda ularning noqonuniy moliyaviy oqimlardagi roli hisoblanadi. Qiyosiy-huquqiy va tizimli tahlil metodlari asosida Moliyaviy harakat boʻyicha guruh (FATF)ning “Sayohat qoidasi”, Yevropa Ittifoqining Kripto-aktivlar bozorini tartibga solish to‘g‘risidagi Reglamenti (MiCa) regulyatsiyasi va yetakchi davlatlar tajribasi qiyosiy o‘rganilgan. Blokcheyn analitika vositalari va mashinali o‘rganish algoritmlarining kuzatuv imkoniyatlari baholangan. Tadqiqot natijalari shuni ko‘rsatadiki, an’anaviy pul yuvishga qarshi kurashish (AML) mexanizmlari DEX muhitida yetarli samaradorlikka ega emas va yangi huquqiy mexanizmlar ishlab chiqish zarurdir. O‘zbekiston uchun milliy qonunchilikni xalqaro standartlarga muvofiqlashtirish, DEX shlyuzlari (gateways) nazoratini kuchaytirish, xalqaro hamkorlikni rivojlantirish va tartibga solish qumdoni mexanizmini joriy etish bo‘yicha tavsiyalar ilgari surilgan.
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